Paris Climate Accord
39 Articles

Legal and Practical Implications of the U.S. Withdrawal from the U.N. Framework Convention on Climate Change
The U.S. withdrawal from the UNFCCC is a further blow to climate cooperation and a demonstration of U.S. foreign policy volatility.

Collection: Just Security’s Coverage of Trump Administration Executive Actions
Coverage of key developments, including in concise “What Just Happened” expert explainers, legal and policy analysis, and more. Check back frequently for updates.

When Crises Become Courtrooms: How Africa’s Engagement with the ICJ Is Rewriting the Playbook of International Law
Litigants from Africa and the African diaspora are doing more than “using” courts during emergencies. They are actively shaping doctrine.

COP 30 in Belem: The COP of Surprises
The U.S. State Department's former lead climate lawyer analyzes the many surprising and unusual aspects of COP 30 negotiations in Belem.

Xi’s Climate Announcement: A Disappointment, Not a Breakthrough
China’s climate announcement — coupled with the U.S. withdrawal — has alarmed many in terms of the viability of the Paris Agreement’s temperature goal.

Washington’s Multilateral Retreat Creates an Opening for State and Local Leaders
U.S. state and local leaders can fill voids left as the Trump administration cuts and even exits multilateral organizations.

America’s Climate Diplomacy Challenge and the Path to Rebuilding Credibility
For international climate diplomacy to succeed, it cannot be tethered to partisan swings in Washington.

COP 30 Must Not Cop Out
Brazil, the Parties, and other stakeholders should ensure the issue of "nationally determined contribution" emission targets lie at the heart of COP 30.

Getting to Yes on the Plastics Agreement: Time for More Plasticity?
A thorough survey of tools that can be used to bridge divides in negotiations on a treaty to end plastic pollution.

Don’t Succumb to Climate Fatalism
Climate policy is taking a hit, but succumbing to this backsliding is not the answer. Instead, there are real security, economic, and political benefits to hitting back.

What Just Happened: Trump’s Executive Actions on Environment and Implications for US Climate Security
New executive orders create U.S. and global security risks in the face of climate change, which the Trump administration and Congress would be wise to mitigate.

What Just Happened: Withdrawing from Paris and other International Environmental Agreement Actions
President Donald Trump’s day one E.O. titled "Putting America First in International Environmental Agreements" combines provisions that are straightforward, inconsistent with…