Armed Conflict

Just Security’s expert authors provide analysis on the legal, policy, and strategic dimensions of armed conflict, including the Russia-Ukraine war, the Israel-Hamas war, counterterrorism operations, conflicts in the Middle East and North Africa, and other armed conflicts across the globe, with a focus on international humanitarian law, war crimes and accountability, mitigating and remedying civilian harm, and the humanitarian impacts of warfare.

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People watch the smoke rising from Port of La Guaira after explosions and low-flying aircraft were heard on January 03, 2026 in La Guaira, Venezuela. According to some reports, explosions were heard in Caracas and other cities near airports and military bases around 2 am. US President Donald Trump later announce that his country's military had launched a "large-scale" attack on Venezuela and captured its President Nicolas Maduro and his wife. (Photo by Jesus Vargas/Getty Images)

U.S. Intelligence in a Post-Maduro Venezuela

Intelligence has a central role to play in capitalizing on the successful capture of Maduro and stabilizing post-Maduro Venezuela, demonstrating U.S. capabilities and resolve.

Jan. 9, 2026 Jeffrey Rogg

Trump is standing at a wooden lectern with the presidential seal on the front of it. The officials are arrayed behind him, against a dark blue backdrop with an American flag and a presidential flag between the backdrop and the officials. All the men are wearing suits, except Caine, who is wearing a blue Air Force uniform.

Trump’s New Year Foreign Policy: The Risk that the Bold and the Bad Outweigh the Constructive

Trump’s foreign policy remains an inconsistent array of initiatives and adventures: bold in Latin America, bad in Greenland, yet often constructive on Ukrainian security.

Jan. 8, 2026 Ambassador Daniel Fried

Hollowing Out Complementarity: The ICC Rejects Israel’s ‘Court of Last Resort’ Admissibility Challenge

The ICC Appeals Chamber affirmed the case against Israeli leaders, narrowing Article 18 complementarity and raising concerns about the Court’s treatment of non-member states.

Jan. 8, 2026 Yuval Shany and Amichai Cohen

The International Court of Justice (ICJ), principal judicial organ of the UN, holds public hearings (by video link) on the preliminary objections raised by Myanmar in the case concerning "Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide" (The Gambia v. Myanmar) at the Peace Palace in The Hague, from 21 to 28 February 2022. (via UN Photo)

Proving Genocide: Patterns of Conduct

As the ICJ hears Gambia v. Myanmar, the Court should continue to consider “patterns of conduct,” while weighing this evidence with other sources for genocidal intent.

Jan. 8, 2026 Adil Ahmad Haque

The Just Security Podcast: Can the U.S. Seize Russian Flagged Oil Tankers?

Tess Bridgeman speaks with Rob McLaughlin about the legality of the U.S. interception and seizure of two Russian-flagged oil tankers in international waters.

Jan. 8, 2026 Rob McLaughlin and Tess Bridgeman

Collection: U.S. Lethal Strikes on Suspected Drug Traffickers, Operation Southern Spear, Operation Absolute Resolve

Collection of expert analysis on the legality of the U.S. strike on Venezuelan vessels in the Caribbean, the consequences of the strike, and related issues.

Jan. 8, 2026 Just Security

French President Jacques Chirac at the left of the image is applauding as he smiles at Russian President Vladimir Putin in the center of the image and US President George W. Bush, who is laughing as Putin seems to smile and gape at the display.

A NATO Promise Not to Enlarge? No, Not Even According to Putin 1.0

Russian President Vladimir Putin’s claim that the West promised not to expand NATO is a myth—denied by Gorbachev, ignored by Yeltsin, and invented years into Putin’s rule.

Jan. 7, 2026 Ambassador Steven Pifer

Congress, the President, and the Use of Military Force in Venezuela

Did the president have the authority under U.S. law to undertake Operation Absolute Resolve without congressional authorization? Leading experts say he did not.

Jan. 7, 2026 Brian Egan, Tess Bridgeman and 1 more

WASHINGTON, DC - DECEMBER 02: U.S. Secretary of Defense Pete Hegseth (R) looks on as U.S. President Donald Trump speaks during a meeting of his Cabinet in the Cabinet Room of the White House on December 02, 2025 in Washington, DC. (Photo by Chip Somodevilla/Getty Images)

Expert Q&A on U.S. Military Actions on Venezuela and Boat Strikes

Expert FAQ on the U.S. military operations against Venezuela, high seas boat strikes, seizure of vessels and more.

Jan. 6, 2026 Tess Bridgeman, Michael Schmitt and 1 more

Picture of fire at Fuerte Tiuna, Venezuela's largest military complex

International Law and the U.S. Military and Law Enforcement Operations in Venezuela

Experts survey the international law issues of Operation Absolute Resolve.

Jan. 5, 2026 Michael Schmitt, Ryan Goodman and 1 more

Maduro Capture Operation and the President’s Duty to Faithfully Execute U.N. Charter

A decades-old Office of Legal Counsel memorandum claiming the President can disregard the UN Charter does not withstand serious scrutiny.

Jan. 3, 2026 Ryan Goodman

The US Navy warship USS Sampson (DDG 102) docks at the Amador International Cruise Terminal in Panama City on September 02, 2025. Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro said on September 1, 2025, that eight US military vessels with 1,200 missiles were targeting his country, which he declared to be in a state of "maximum readiness to defend" itself. (Photo by MARTIN BERNETTI/AFP via Getty Images)

Timeline of Boat Strikes and Related Actions

A timeline that chronicles major events in the Trump administration’s campaign of lethal strikes against suspected drug traffickers in the Caribbean and Eastern Pacific.

Jan. 2, 2026 Jeremy Chin, Margaret Lin and 1 more

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